Salman Rushdies The Satanic Verses - 991 Words

The Cultural Aspects of Salman Rushdie’s The Satanic Verses â€Å"So India’s problem turned out to be the world’s problem. What happened in India has happened in God’s name. The problem’s name is God.† This quote is said by Salman Rushdie, the author of The Satanic Verses. Rushdie coming from an Indian background shows the cultural aspects of life in an Indian culture. The quote said by Rushdie can be controversial in many ways. The people who believe in God would not accept this quote in a good way because the higher archie for them would be their God which is being dishonoured in Rushdie’s quote. This connects to the book The Satanic Verses as Rushdie explains the different appearances in an Indian culture such as Reincarnation, Miracles and the Indian Identity. These three references play a major role in this book and specifically in the Indian society. The assumption of Reincarnation plays a big role in Satanic Verses. â€Å"Reincarnation was always a big topic with Gibreel , for fifteen years of the biggest star in the history of the biggest star in the history of the Indian movies...† (Rushdie 11) Rushdie’s character Gibreel Farishta speaks aloud for the societies that break their illusions to trust God from their lack of understanding. Gibreel Farishta who is a known actor, now coming to Bombay when he was Bhumbla 2 thirteen and having to meet the Mhatres changed him a lot from the way he thought. Gibreel was a person who had no interest in Reincarnation or any type ofShow MoreRelatedEssay about Salman Rushdie’s Idea of Women in The Satanic Verses1945 Words   |  8 PagesIn Salman Rushdie’s novel The Satanic Verses Rushdie tells a story about two men, Saladin Chamcha and Gibreel Farishta, oddly connected by the fact that they both survive the hijacking of their aircraft. Throughout the novel, Gibreel has powerful dreams in which the narrator brings up the topic of the Satanic Verses. The Satanic Verses were supposedly verses that Muhammad said were part of the Quran and then were later revoked. The Verses allegedly said that Allah was not the only god and that thereRead MoreSatanic Verses : Proof Of The Power Of Speech2010 Words   |  9 PagesSatanic Verses: Proof of the Power of Speech Since it’s conception, Salman Rushdie’s The Satanic Verses has created a slew of controversy, receiving bounds of both praise and animosity. The novel, that in one aspect depicts the perversion of religion and morality (namely the perversion of Islam), was intended to mainly personify the conflict of human metamorphosis. Because of it’s heavy and ambiguous message much of the Muslim world has interpreted the novel as a personal attack on the Islamic religionRead MoreThe Satanic Verses By Salman Rushdie973 Words   |  4 PagesSalman Rushdie is a passionate novelist and essayist known for his magical realism, who expresses his beliefs and influences through his works. Rushdie has frequently described himself as a â€Å"historian of ideas,† and many of his novels are â€Å"novels of ideas† rather than narrations centered on a plot or character. 1 Furthermore, Rushdie’s pessimistic views of religion are seen in his writings, from The Satanic V erses to recent essays like, Out of Kansas. I will also discuss the fatwa’ calling for hisRead MoreMulticulturalism : A Multicultural Perspective On Or A Way Of Viewing Life1429 Words   |  6 Pageschallenges that politics, religion and free speech have in a contemporary multicultural society. To begin Parekh explains, Salman Rushdie, The Satanic Verses. In 1988, Salman Rushdie, wrote and published one of the most controversial books in the world. In the eyes of many Western readers, The Satanic Verses appears to be a brilliant attack on religious bigotry. Rushdie’s novel was based on fantasy of an â€Å"imaginatively reinterpreted but not a radically reconstituted reality.† The beginning of theRead MoreSalman Rushdies Haroun and the Sea of Stories Essay1155 Words   |  5 Pagessuffered it, forever.† This was a problem faced by Salman Rushdie. After years of suffering from writers block, he overcame his obstacles and published Haroun and the Sea of Stories. It is not only a story for his son, but a proclamation of the triumph of the writer over the oppressive forces that sought to silence him. When read literally, the resolution of Haroun and the Sea of Stories is the defeat of Khattam-Shud as dictator. However, Rushdie’s true resolution is th e conquest of freedom of speechRead More Comparing the Black Album and Rushdies The Satanic Verses Essay2549 Words   |  11 PagesThe Black Album and Rushdies The Satanic Verses      Ã‚  Ã‚   British writer C.C. Colton once claimed, Men will wrangle for religion; write for it; fight for it; die for it; anything but--live for it (Copeland 345). Indeed, if nothing else, Hanif Kureishis The Black Album shows the depths to which people concern themselves with questions of religion, ethnicity, and the identity associated with them. Kureishis themes and symbolism work within a larger context of the politics of identity,Read MoreThe Salman Rushdie Case: An Islamic View1839 Words   |  7 Pagesegalitarianism. His article, â€Å"The Salman Rushdie Case: An Islamic View† was posted on his official website in July 2007 and is aimed at addressing the resentment against Salman Rushdie’s controversial book â€Å"The Satanic Verses† in the Muslim community. Muslims accused Rushdie of apostasy and blasphemy against their prophet and demanded his immediate execution. In his article, Zaheer bases his claims on credible historical religious evidence and argues that the Muslim demand for Rushdie’s death is absolutely un-IslamicRead MoreEssay on Salman Rushdies Midnight Children1459 Words   |  6 PagesSalman Rushdies Midnight Children Salman Rushdie is one of the greatest writers India has ever produced. Amongst the premier works of Rushdie, Midnight’s Children continues to be one of the best meta-fictional works of the postmodern era. Rushdie’s attempt to break the binary by using a different kind of narrative and play of words put him in the likes of American prodigies like Thomas Pynchon. Rushdie has marinated each line of his story with a web of words, abundance of allusions and a chutneyRead MoreA Critical Analysis of Homi K. Bhabhas How Newness Enters The World: Postmodern space, postcolonial times and the trials of cultural translation1610 Words   |  7 Pagesasserts, For Jameson, the possibility of becoming historical demands a containment of this disjunctive social time. (217) Bhabha elaborates upon the concept of liminal space with the help of the idea of blasphemy, as it comes out in Salman Rushdies Satanic Verses and underlines the controversy of the Rushdie Affair2. Bhabha says, Blasphemy is not merely a misrepresentation of the sacred by the secular; it is a moment when the subject-matter or the content of cultural tradition is being overwhelmedRead MoreThe Indian Diaspora By Vijay Mishra1120 Words   |  5 Pagesimaginary, Mishra takes into account the vast corpus of eminent authors in the field of Indian diasporic study like V. S. Naipaul, Salman Rushdie, Amitav Ghosh, Rohinton Mistry, Hanif Kureishi, Rambai Espinet, Sudesh Mishra, M.G. Vassanji, Bharati Mukherjee, Jhumpa Lahiri and few others. With his extensive and meticulous references of the analysis of V.S.Naipaul and Salman Rushdie, and not so detailed yet numerous references of a host of other diasporic authors, Mishra’s work appears as an encyclopedia

Immigration Of Latin Americans Immigration Essay

Immigration of Latin Americans Immigration involves the movement of a group of people from one country to another where they do not possess citizenship. There are many reasons in which people may leave their country such as employment, lack of resources, family, fear due to violence, exile, the American dream. In 1965, Congress changed immigration law in ways that allowed much more intake from Asia and Latin America than earlier. Before 1965, the intake was mostly from Europe. Since then, over half has come from Latin America—28 % just from Mexico. The share of population composed of non-Hispanic whites plunged from 84 % in 1965 to only 62 % in 2015 while Hispanics soared from 4 to 18 %. (Mead, L.M., 2016) In 2002, the United States was home to 32.5 million foreign-born individuals. (Gany, Herrera, Avallone, Changrani, 2006). The United states has often been referred to as the country of Immigrants given the number of people who immigrate here from other countries. Because of immigration, America has become a very multicultural society. DEMOGRAPHICS Latin Americans; those coming from countries south of the United States, especially those speaking Spanish, Portuguese, or French (Dictionary.com, 2016) make up a large portion of the United States. In 2013 Cobo, L., Cantor-Navas, J., note that Latin Americans were 52 million strong and making up 16.7% of the population further stating Hispanics were the nation s largest ethnic or race minority with over 60%Show MoreRelatedEssay on The Impact of Latin American Immigration on America1553 Words   |  7 Pages Immigration is the process of entry of individuals into a new country (23). Throughout past centuries, immigration has been a means of discovery and exploration of new lands. In today’s culture, immigration to the United States is an avenue for individuals who wish to start new lives and take advantage of the capitalistic, entrepreneurial system. People from many countries have migrated into the United States. Most recently, the migrants have come from Central and South American countriesRead MoreEssay on Latin American Immigration and the U.S. Immagration Policy2091 Words   |  9 PagesImmigration has always been a contentious issue in the United States. Benjamin Franklin thought that the influx in German immigration would flush out the predominately British culture in America at the time. (5) Furthermore, a continual wave of foreign cultures began pouring into the American metropolitan areas at the turn of the 20th century. The migration of Italians, Poles, and Jews across the Atlantic Ocean began a mass assimilation of cultural ideology and customs into the United States,Read MoreLatin American Immigration And The Growth Of The Latino And Hispanic Population Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Response Latin American immigration to the United States and the growth of the latino and hispanic population is currently one of the most controversial topics being debated right now. What started as a small, regionally concentrated population of fewer 6 million in 1960, is now broadly scattered population of more than 50 million. Latino population keeps growing and exerting enormous impact on social, cultural, political, and economic aspects in the U.S. However, unlike what a lot of peopleRead MoreIllegal Immigration From Latin America Is On The News All1095 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal immigration from Latin America is on the news all the time in the United States, almost a daily basis on the main network channels. From President Trump calling for a wall on the Mexican-American border, to major cities like New York and Chicago declaring themselves sanctuaries for illegal immigrants. Both sides seem to throw out labels without care for the truth, or opinions that differ from their own. Wit hout a common understanding of what the facts are, it is difficult to be able to createRead MoreAnd Amerindian Stock885 Words   |  4 PagesAmerindian stock† (Gutierrez 47). According to Ruben Rumbaut 2009 publication, Pigments of Our Imagination: The Racialization of the Hispanic-Latino Category, â€Å"Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Salvadorans, Colombians, and the many other nationalities from Latin America and even Spain itself - were not ‘Hispanics’ or ‘Latinos’ in their countries of origin† stressing not only the wide range of country of origin, but also the racial conceptions that those immigrants from those countries may have (2). The originRead MoreLeaving Home For A Better Way Of Life1043 Words   |  5 Pages Leaving home for a better way of life! (The reason why Latin Americans immigrated to the United States) Michelle Tyler April 27, 2016 Geography 105 â€Å"We need immigration reform that will secure our borders, and†¦ that finally brings the 12 million people who are here illegally out of the shadows... We must assert our values and reconcile our principles as a nation of immigrants and a nation of laws.† BarackRead MoreThe Latino Journey in the United States: Immigrants Essay1693 Words   |  7 Pagesan important part of what it means to be American and what it means to be a citizen in the United States today. Moving into the future, in order to analyze the trajectory that this group is in, we must first understand the group’s history in the United States and in territories that would become the United States. In addition, we must look at the origins of the most recent wave of Latino immigration in order to understand their current effect on American society and the intersection between bothRead MoreThe Immigration Law Of 140 Years925 Words   |  4 Pagesenslavement; the approval of â€Å"Gay† ma rriage and more, yet immigration still remains untouched. Now that is clearly an exaggerated statement, but The fact that the immigration law of 140 years ago is still not seen as a type of repression and the American current civilization is still in denial of it, is what makes it ever so severe. From the first immigration policy: the Page Act of 1875, to the Immigration reform and Control Act of 1986 the immigration policies have remained the same. Both acts, amongRead MoreThe United States Of America1448 Words   |  6 Pagesthat people from third world countries such as Latin American countries immigrate to achieved the â€Å"American Dream†, this means having the possibility of a better life for them and their families. Although, the majority of the immigrants choose the USA over other countries to achieved this dream for either its location or its reputation and â€Å"is woven into the fabric of American history and culture† (Hilfinger, Morris and Boyle, 2014). However, the â€Å"American Dream† is not always accomplish trough the legalRead MoreThe Hot Topic of I mmigration Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration remains to be a hot topic. There are many issues to consider but let’s look at stereotypes and regulatory control issues. Just what are some of the stereotypes about the economic impact of immigration in the United States? We have all heard that immigrants are taking jobs away from Americans. This stereotype is based on two fallacies: that there are a fixed number of jobs to go around, and that foreign workers are direct substitutes for citizens (Dangelo 236). The truth is that immigrants

Distillation Lab Report Free Essays

Data and Conclusions: The purpose of this experiment was to learn how to use distillation and gas chromatography to separate and identify different compounds from a given mixture. There are several kinds of distillation methods. However, the method that we used in this experiment was fractional distillation. We will write a custom essay sample on Distillation Lab Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now This method is used when trying to separate two different volatile compounds whose boiling points differ by 40-50Â °C or more. If the boiling points are too close, this method will not work because the two compounds will begin evaporating at close temperatures and will condense down to the receiving flasks at relatively the same times. This will not create an ideal separation. The apparatus used for this type of distillation is longer than that of a simple distillation experiment because this kind of apparatus creates more efficient separation. This happens because the fractional distillation apparatus is longer, and allows for several simple distillations to occur within the column itself to more accurately separate liquids. The inside of the column is said to have theoretical plates, or equilibrium stages that are created by the vapor and liquid stages of a compound that create this accuracy. The column must also be insulated with cotton and aluminum to prevent any heat loss that may lead to inaccurate temperature readings or even effect the evaporation of the different compounds. When heating the stillpot, flameless heating should be used along with a magnetic stirbar. This is important to control the temperature of the mixture and keep the heat smooth and constant. Heating the mixture too fast could result in no fractionation in the column and lead to no separation. Likewise, if the mixture is heated too slowly, the vapors might now make it all the way to the condenser, and the liquid will fall back into the stillpot. If the mixture is heated correctly and constantly, the vapors should condense through a condenser and into a receiving flask. This condenser should have water running through it at all times to keep it cool and keep the condensed vapor flowing down into the receiving flask. As a whole, the entire apparatus works perfectly for two different volatile liquids with 40-50Â °C boiling point differences because as the liquid with the lower boiling point is distilled out, the higher boiling point liquid will remain in the stillpot as the other is evaporating and distilled. Then, it will be able to evaporate later as the temperature rises, after the other has more than completely distilled out. As I conducted this portion of the experiment, I noticed that while taking the three fractions, fraction A filled up the full 15 mL and continued distilling through fraction B, and eventually stopped. Because of this, I hypothesized that all of fraction A and most of fraction B consisted of the low boiling point compound. As I raised the temperature of the hotplate, I was able to collect fraction C, and I predicted that it was composed of mostly the high boiling point liquid. To test this, the experiment called for the use of gas chromatography. The chromatography would not only show the relative concentrations of each compound in the fraction, but could also help confirm the identification of the compounds we thought were in the fractions based on the temperatures that each liquid boiled. Before trying to guess the correct compounds of the mixture, one must run each individual fraction through the machine to clearly see the composition of each. Gas chromatography works because as the liquid runs through the machine, its different components run through and exit at different times due to changes of temperatures that measure high and low boiling points. The machine records these using peaks of retention time that identify these different components. After obtaining this data, there was enough information to choose a reasonable match for each of the components. Once both the fractions and the guessed compound were mixed, the retention recordings should not differ in the number of peaks because ideally the compound mixed should have the same retention time as one of the other previous peaks. If the compounds were to differ in the number of peaks, then it shows that another compound must be present with different properties. As I conducted this portion of the experiment, I guessed cyclohexane for my low boiling point liquid and toluene or heptane for my high boiling point liquid based on the fractional distillation observations. For cyclohexane I mixed it with fraction A, since it predominantly consisted of my low boiling point liquid, and observed two peaks in my results. Therefore I concluded that cyclohexane was the low boiling point liquid. However, for the second liquid I guessed heptane first, and my results showed three peaks. Knowing that I had guessed wrong, I tested toluene mixed with my fraction C and only got two peaks. The high boiling point liquid proved to be toluene. In conclusion, my results all matched the main ideas and theories presented in the experiment. From my results I was able to figure out the composition of each of the compounds in the initial mixture and compare them to those of the rest of the class. My results only varied by 3. 18%. When using the two different methods of calculating the composition, the second method using the chromatography peaks was more accurate, and compared to the first method of assuming the ideal compositions, the results differed from the class average by over 10%. Based on the consistency of our class results using the second method, the two compounds proved to have been distilled using the proper method, and is reinforced by the use of gas chromatography. How to cite Distillation Lab Report, Essay examples

Marketing Principle Australian Market

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Principle for Australian Market. Answer: Introduction The study will discuss about the marketing mix analysis of a new international brand of soft drink that focuses on launching the new brand in Australian market. However, it can be said that the study will put emphasis on the product decisions and pricing decisions of the new brand energy drink. Product Decisions Three Layers of the Product A product has three layers in it which is known as total product concept. In this context, the total product concept of the soft drink brand is consisted of three layers of augmented product, core product and actual product. The core product characteristics include the problem solving benefits of the soft drink i.e. reducing the medical conditions of caffeine overdose, cardiovascular and neurological defects, sugar consumption, etc. The augmented product benefits that the customers will receive on consuming the soft drink are brand equity, innovative product, great price, no side effects, etc (Papadopoulos and Heslop 2014). The actual product consists of styling, packaging, brand name, product parts while combining in delivering the core benefits of the soft drinks. Creation of Brand Name Branding is an important aspect of the product in terms of customer attraction. It can be said that branding of the product will involve few elements of such as brand name, brand mark and brand equity. The brand name that will be selected for the soft drink will be easy to remember, unique, short, describe product benefits, reinforce the product image, etc. The name suggested for the soft drink is Tango. The name is itself a suggestive refreshing taste along with the brand equity of the product. The above elements of the brand name are easily suggested by the brand name. As it is a global brand, hence the name is important for customer attraction (Stock, Six and Zacharias 2013). Packaging of the Product The packaging of the product consists of the different types of packaging both in plastic bottles and in tetra pack. The packaging of the product consists of physical protection, enables specific quantities, proper designs, vibrant colors, materials to try, etc. The packaging will be easy in handling types of facilitating, convenience, extend product shelf life. The packaging must be handy and must be available in many sizes. The packaging must facilitate reducing environmental damage and recycling. Health benefits of the products including persuasive labeling, informational labeling, and universal product codes are to be mentioned in the products (Kotler et al. 2015). Price Decisions Pricing Objective Pricing is a vital objective of the marketer in order to launch the new soft drink brand in the market. It can be said that the pricing is the most important point of the marketing mix of the soft drink brand in the Australian market. It is already mentioned that the brand is new in Australian market. The price of the product will be set in a way so that they can maximize the profitability for every unit of sales of the products. It will be used while defending in the existing market with the other competitive rival brands. Another objective is to achieve a substantial market share in the soft drinks market of Australia after entering into the country (Baker 2014). Pricing Point and Pricing Strategy The pricing point of the new soft drink brand in the Australian market is intended to create an image in the minds of the consumers of Australia. The decision of the company while choosing the proper pricing strategy will be responsible for creating an impact on the consumers decision making process. The company must consider the pricing strategies of the competitors while applying the appropriate pricing strategies. The competitive advantage of the company in order to select a pricing strategy is odd value pricing or charm pricing (Solomon 2014). This will definitely hit the Australian consumers. Pricing Tactics Pricing point of the soft drink brand in the Australian market is defined as the prices where the demand of the soft drink is high. With the increase of the demand of the product and the health consciousness of the consumers odd value pricing is appropriate. It is a tactic that will sell the soft drink at $9.99 instead of $10. Customers will be able to perceive the odd value prices that will act as a more attractive part (Hollensen 2015). Conclusion It can be concluded that the product attributes and the pricing decisions that are taken by the company will definitely hit the Australian market. Consumers of Australia will prefer the soft drink as it is loaded with health benefits along with a good refreshing taste if marketing mix is done properly. References Baker, M.J., 2014.Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Kotler, P., Keller, K.L., Manceau, D. and Hmonnet-Goujot, A., 2015.Marketing management(Vol. 14). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Papadopoulos, N. and Heslop, L.A., 2014.Product-country images: Impact and role in international marketing. Routledge. Solomon, M.R., 2014.Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being(Vol. 10). Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Stock, R.M., Six, B. and Zacharias, N.A., 2013. Linking multiple layers of innovation-oriented corporate culture, product program innovativeness, and business performance: A contingency approach.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,41(3), pp.283-299.

Feedback To Employees Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Provide Feedback To Employees. Answer: Providing feedbacks to the employees based on their performance and the production is a crucial duty of every manager in an organization. However, giving performance appraisal or production report to the employees leads the managers to face various challenges in an organization (Vidgen, Shaw Grant, 2017). One of the most important is the maintenance of the confidentiality while giving feedbacks to the employees regarding their performance. However, the manager needs to maintain the confidentiality while giving any compensation, reward or warning to the employees regarding their performance. However, the information regarding the feedback if disclose then it may create a negative effect on the other employees. Often the manager faces issue while giving the reward to the employees based on their performance. However, offering the reward to some employees of the same designation creates jealousy and breaks the trust of other employees towards the organization. The managers need to provide feedback to the employees as a coach rather than a boss (Vidgen, Shaw Grant, 2017). However, if the managers give the feedback rudely to the employees regarding their poor performance then it creates a misunderstanding between the employees and the manager, which affects their relationship as well as the business (Delaney et al., 2017). The manager needs to involve the employees in the decision making and to understand their issues regarding the work. Hence, it is important for the managers to understand the work related issue that is faced by the employees while giving them feedbacks about the business otherwise it is difficult for the manager to motivate the employees towards their work. Dealing with the performance issue is a major challenge that is often faced by the employees while giving feedbacks to the employees (Johnson, 2017). As for example, when a manager asks the employees to improve their performance by giving them feedback then employees generate work related issue. Therefore, it is difficult for the manager to understand every employee's issue and to resolve it as the each employee has an individual problem in the workplace. Differentiation between the personal and task conflict is another challenge that is usually occurred to a manager while giving the feedbacks (Jain et al., 2016). However, it is possible for the managers to give the alternative idea to reduce the task conflict while it is difficult for them to resolve the personal conflict between the team members. This situation resists the managers to encourage the employees in their work by giving feedbacks. The managers often face ethical conflict while giving feedbacks to the employees. As for example, it is important for the managers to maintain the hierarchy rules and the organizational policy that often affects the employees benefit in an organization. Hence, this situation leads the managers to face ethical issue while motivating the employees to perform better by maintaining the strict rules and policy of the organization (Delaney et al., 2017). Communication problem is another problem that occurs to the managers while giving feedbacks to the staffs (Jain et al., 2016). However, if the managers are not able to communicate with the employees properly regarding the productivity or performance then it is too hard to the managers to gain success from their feedbacks as the employee are not able to understand the organizational goal. References Delaney, Y., Pattinson, B., McCarthy, J., Beecham, S. (2017). Transitioning from traditional to problem-based learning in management education: the case of a frontline manager skills development programme.Innovations in Education and Teaching International,54(3), 214-222. Jain, N. R., Jain, N. R., Jaisinghani, D., Jaisinghani, D. (2017). Overcoming the HR challenge: a case of merger of Kotak Mahindra Bank and ING Vysya Bank. Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies, 7(2), 1-16. Johnson, C. E. (2017).Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light or shadow. Sage Publications. Vidgen, R., Shaw, S., Grant, D. B. (2017). Management challenges in creating value from business analytics.European Journal of Operational Research,261(2), 626-639.

Color Purple Essays - The Color Purple, , Term Papers

Color Purple In Alice Walker's The Color Purple Celie faces love obstacles in the beginning of the novel. eventually, she overpowers these obstructions and truimphs. One example of a love obstacle Celie faces that eventually ends in truimph can be found following one of her beatings on page 23, where he writes states "It all I can do not to cry. I make myself wood." This clearly conveys that Celie lacks love in the early portion of her life. However, she truimphs when she meets Shug Avery, who says on page 118, " I love you Miss Celie." These words show how Celie makes the transition from being unloved to being loved. Another example of a love obstacle that she truimphs is stated on page 13 where she meets Harpo. "He pick up a rock and laid my head open." Obviously, due to his vulgar actions, he has nolove for his new mother. The trimph comes later in the novel Harpo and Celie form a bond a mother would have with her son.

How to Use a Scientific Calculator

How to Use a Scientific Calculator You might know all the formulas for math and science problems, but if you dont know how to use your scientific calculator, youll never get the correct answer. Heres a quick review of how to recognize a scientific calculator, what the keys mean, and how to enter data correctly. What Is a Scientific Calculator? First, you need to know how a scientific calculator is different from other calculators. There are three main types of calculators: basic, business, and scientific. You cant work chemistry, physics, engineering, or trigonometry problems on a basic or business calculator because they dont have functions youll need to use. Scientific calculators include exponents, log, natural log (ln), trig functions, and memory. These functions are vital when youre working with scientific notation or any formula with a geometry component. Basic calculators can do addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Business calculators include buttons for interest rates. They typically ignore the order of operations. Scientific Calculator Functions The buttons may be labeled differently depending on the manufacturer, but here is a list of common functions and what they mean: Operation Mathematical Function + plus or addition - minus or subtraction Note: On a scientific calculator there is a different button to make a positive number into a negative number, usually marked (-) or NEG (negation) * times, or multiply by / or à · divided by, over, division by ^ raised to the power of yx or xy y raised to the power x or x raised to the y Sqrt or √ square root ex exponent, raise e to the power x LN natural logarithm, take the log of SIN sine function SIN-1 inverse sine function, arcsine COS cosine function COS-1 inverse cosine function, arccosine TAN tangent function TAN-1 inverse tangent function or arctangent ( ) parentheses, instructs calculator to do this operation first Store (STO) place a number in memory for later use Recall recover the number from memory for immediate use How to Use a Scientific Calculator The obvious way to learn to use the calculator is to read the manual. If you got a calculator that didnt come with a manual, you can usually search for the model online and download a copy. Otherwise, you need to do a bit of experimentation or youll enter in the right numbers and still get the wrong answer. The reason this happens is that different calculators process order of operations differently. For example, if your calculation  is: 3 5 * 4 You know, according to the order of operations, the 5 and the 4 should be multiplied by each other before adding the 3. Your calculator may or may not know this. If you press 3 5 x 4, some calculators will give you the answer 32 and others will give you 23 (which is correct). Find out what your calculator does. If you see an issue with the order of operations, you can either enter 5 x 4 3 (to get the multiplication out of the way) or use parentheses 3 (5 x 4). Which Keys to Press and When to Press Them Here are some example calculations and how to determine the correct way to enter them. Whenever you borrow someones calculator, get into the habit of performing these simple tests to make sure youre using it correctly. Square Root: Find the square root of 4. You know the answer is 2 (right?). On your calculator, find out whether you need to enter 4 and then press the SQRT key or whether you hit the SQRT key and then enter 4.  Taking the Power: The key may be marked xy or yx. You need to find out whether the first number you enter is the x or the y. Test this by entering 2, power key, 3. If the answer was 8, then you took 23, but if you got 9, the calculator gave you 32.10x: Again, test to see whether you press the 10x button and then enter your x or whether you enter the x value and then press the button. This is critical for science problems, where youll live in the land of scientific notation!Trig Functions: When youre working with angles, keep in mind many calculators let you select whether to express the answer in degrees or radians. Then, you need to determine whether you enter the angle (check the units) and then sin, cos, tan, etc., or whether you press the sin, cos, etc., button and then enter the number. How do you test this: Remember the sine of a 30-degree angle is 0.5. Enter 30 and then SIN and see if you get 0.5. No? Try SIN and then 30. If you get 0.5 using one of these methods, then you know which works. However, if you get -0.988 then your calculator is set to radian mode. To change to degrees, look for a MODE key. There is often an indicator of units written right up with the numerals to let you know what youre getting.